On p. 261 of MIND, No. 146 (April, 1928), the relation expressed by the words “is a itbfamily of” would be better expressed by some other phrase such as “is a subsystem of”. For the notion which I defined at the end of the note was, through a stupid mistake on my part, incorrectly described as “a family,” whereas really it should hare received some quite distinct designation such as “a maximal system”. The term “family” should of course be used (...) in the sense which the authors of Principia Mathematica.have assigned to it And this sense only coincides with the sense of “ maximal system ” in the special case where R is a one-one relation ; in other cases more than one family may be included in a single maximal system On it. 260 two small corrections are required. For “ Rbo ” read “ Rpo ”. And the footnote should have had the number “ 1 ” prefixed to it, making it clear that it is a footnote and refers to section (3), and is not a continuation of section (4). (shrink)

Applied ethics, a subdiscipline of philosophy, lends itself to an encyclopedia format because of the many industries and intellectual fields that it encompasses. The Encyclopedia of Applied Ethics is based on twelve major categories, such as Biomedical Ethics and Environmental Ethics. Religious traditions that embody normative beliefs, as well as classical theories of ethics, are explored in a non-judgmental manner. Each of the twelve categories is divided into discrete areas that are covered by 5,000-6,000 word articles. Each of the 281 (...) articles begins with a definition of the subject and includes a table of contents, glossary of key terms, and bibliography. Second- and third- level headings, boxes, sidebars, and the like emphasize the reference-oriented nature of the material. The four volumes are arranged in an A-Z format, with a complete subject index at the end of the last volume. Articles are written by international experts, arranged alphabetically by title, not by subject, and cross-referenced so the reader can locate relevant information in other articles. One of Library Journal's Best Reference Sources for 1997! One of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Books for 1998! Cross-references appear in each article to refer readers to related information A glossary and bibliography in each article provide readers with tools for learning and creative thinking. (shrink)

On p. 261 of MIND, No. 146 (April, 1928), the relation expressed by the words “is a itbfamily of” would be better expressed by some other phrase such as “is a subsystem of”. For the notion which I defined at the end of the note was, through a stupid mistake on my part, incorrectly described as “a family,” whereas really it should hare received some quite distinct designation such as “a maximal system”. The term “family” should of course be used (...) in the sense which the authors of Principia Mathematica.have assigned to it And this sense only coincides with the sense of “ maximal system ” in the special case where R is a one-one relation ; in other cases more than one family may be included in a single maximal system On it. 260 two small corrections are required. For “ Rbo ” read “ Rpo ”. And the footnote should have had the number “ 1 ” prefixed to it, making it clear that it is a footnote and refers to section (3), and is not a continuation of section (4). (shrink)

The legend of the encounter between Wilberforce and Huxley is well established. Almost every scientist knows, and every viewer of the BBC's recent programme on Darwin was shown,* how Samuel Wilberforce, bishop of Oxford, attempted to pour scorn on Darwin's Origin of Species at a meeting of the British Association in Oxford on 30 June 1860, and had the tables turned on him by T. H. Huxley. In this memorable encounter Huxley's simple scientific sincerity humbled the prelatical insolence and clerical (...) obscurantism of Soapy Sam; the pretension of the Church to dictate to scientists the conclusions they were allowed to reach were, for good and all, decisively defeated; the autonomy of science was established in Britain and the Western world; the claim of plain unvarnished truth on men's allegiance was vindicated, however unwelcome its implications for human vanity might be; and the flood tide of Victorian faith in all its fulsomeness was turned to an ebb, which has continued to our present day and will only end when religion and superstition have been finally eliminated from the minds of all enlightened men. Even churchmen concede that it was a disastrous defeat.1 Only Owen Chadwick strikes a note of caution, observing that the account given of the incident in Wilberforce's biography seems hardly consistent with an overwhelming defeat, and maintaining that the received account must be a largely legendary creation of a later date. (shrink)

Political liberals ask citizens not to appeal to certain considerations, including religious and philosophical convictions, in political deliberation. We argue that political liberals must include a demanding requirement of intellectual modesty in their ideal of citizenship in order to motivate this deliberative restraint. The requirement calls on each citizen to believe that the best reasoners disagree about the considerations that she is barred from appealing to. Along the way, we clarify how requirements of intellectual modesty relate to moral reasons for (...) deliberative restraint. And we argue against attempts to weaken our requirement of intellectual modesty by emphasizing those moral reasons. (shrink)

Conceptualizing cosmopolitanism : a reappraisal -- A historical sociology of cosmopolitanism -- Cosmopolitanism and social theory -- Cosmopolitanism : social and cultural research -- Cosmopolitanism : legal and political research -- Cosmopolitanism in Ireland.

Studies on school restructuring and the leadership role of the principal in this process suggest that what has been the traditional leadership approach of the principal appears to be changing in relation to the substantial changes and school-wide reforms that are continually taking place in schools today. These school reform initiatives necessitate new and creative ways of thinking about our concept of educational leadership and its various approaches. It also became clear from the literature on leadership that a person?s assumption (...) of various types of knowledge influence his or her leadership approach. The purpose of this study, based on a quantitative empirical study in selected South African schools, is to identify this impact of principals? assumptions of knowledge on their leadership approaches. A total of 100 questionnaires with open-ended questions were sent electronically to school principals of randomly selected schools to assess the link between principals? assumptions about the nature of knowledge and principal leadership. The t-test, Lambda test and an Analysis of Variances test were used to analyse the data. The findings confirm the relationship between core epistemological beliefs (EBs) and beliefs about leadership practices among South African school principals and provide substantial justification for using EBs in the study of school leadership. (shrink)

The Modern University and its Discontents: The Fate of Newman's Legacies in Britain and America. By Sheldon Rothblatt (Cambridge, University Press, 1997) xiv + 461 pp. £45.00 cloth.